Papers of Frieda S. Miller, 1909-1973 (inclusive), 1929-1967 (bulk)
Overview
Correspondence, speeches, photographs, etc., of Frieda Segelke Miller, labor administrator and official.
Dates
- Creation: 1909-1973
- Creation: Majority of material found within 1929-1967
Language of Materials
Materials in English.
Access Restrictions:
Access. Collection is open for research.
Conditions Governing Use
Copyright. Copyright in the papers created by Frieda S. Miller is held by the President and Fellows of Harvard College for the Schlesinger Library. Copyright in other papers in the collection may be held by their authors, or the authors' heirs or assigns.
Copying. Papers may be copied in accordance with the library's usual procedures.
Extent
6.26 linear feet ((15 file boxes) plus 13 folders of photographs, 1 folio+ folder)The Frieda S. Miller collection consists of eight series, each chronologically arranged except where noted. There are some papers from Miller's early life, but most of the collection covers the period 1929-1967.
Series I, Personal, contains biographical information, school notes, and correspondence with family and friends. This material provides only a sketchy source of information about Miller's personal life.
Series II, New York State Department of Labor: A. Director, Division of Women in Industry and Minimum Wage, is a short subseries containing reports and correspondence collected during Miller's first job at the New York State Department of Labor. The material provides some insight into Miller's activities but in general lacks substantive information about her nine years in this position. B. Industrial Commissioner, is an extensive collection of reports, committee papers, and correspondence. Letters and petitions written in support of Miller's nomination to the position suggest her appointment may have been controversial.
Series III, Assistant to United States Ambassador to the United Kingdom, record Miller's eighteen months as special assistant for labor during World War II. It is the largest series of the collection and contains a complete file of reports, with a card file index, and a lengthy correspondence file. Series IV, Women's Bureau, documents Miller's nine years as director and contains an extensive correspondence file, numerous reports, conference and committee records, and official statements to Congress.
Series V, International Labor Organization, is a fairly complete record of Miller's long involvement with the ILO. Committee papers describe Miller's role as a United States government-appointed delegate during the 1930s and 1940s. There are preliminary notes and final reports for later Asian and Middle Eastern labor surveys for the ILO, and a brief correspondence file.
Series VI, International Union of Child Welfare representative to the United Nations, is especially notable for the extensive correspondence between Miller and officials at the IUCW. There is some information on IUCW and UNICEF meetings, but this does not seem to be complete. A short subject file provides some indication of Miller's activities at the United Nations.
Series VII, Professional, describes Miller's diverse activities and affiliations with various organizations, including her longtime participation with the International Alliance of Women. The correspondence file sheds further light on her many interests and professional contacts, and the large collection of speeches, radio speeches, and articles by Miller is especially valuable. The clippings document her contributions to women and labor and suggest the extensive coverage her many endeavors received.
Series VIII, Photographs, includes portraits of Miller, pictures taken at work or on trips, and several unidentified photos. Few of the pictures are captioned or described.
BIOGRAPHY
Frieda Segelke Miller, labor administrator and official, was born at La Crosse, Wisconsin, on April 16, 1889. Her parents, James Gordon, a lawyer, and Erna Segelke, died when Miller was small, leaving Frieda and her younger sister Elsie to be reared by their grandmother, Augusta (Mrs. Charles) Segelke of La Crosse. Miller received her BA from Milwaukee-Downer College (later Lawrence University), Milwaukee, Wisconsin, in 1911; she then spent four years doing graduate work in economics, sociology, political science, and law at the University of Chicago, but did not complete a degree.
Miller spent the next several years at a variety of jobs, including secretary to the Philadelphia branch of the Women's Trade Union League (1918-1923) where she met her lifelong friend Pauline Newman. In 1920 Miller began a relationship with fellow labor activist Charles Kutz. She became pregnant in 1923, and as Kutz was married with several children and his wife was unlikely to give him a divorce, Miller did not inform him of her pregnancy. She ended their relationship and went on an extended trip to Europe with Newman, ostensibly to attend the International Congress of Working Women in Vienna, Austria. She gave birth to her daughter Elisabeth in Naples, Italy, and legally adopted her after returning to the United States, where she told acquaintances she had adopted the baby in Europe. Miller never married and raised Elisabeth with Newman.
In 1929 Frances Perkins appointed Miller director of the Division of Women in Industry and Minimum Wage at the New York State Department of Labor; she was instrumental in the passage of New York's Minimum Wage Law for Women and Minors in 1933. In 1938 Governor Herbert Lehman appointed Miller Industrial Commissioner of New York, a post she held until 1943 when she left to become special assistant for labor to John C. Winant, United States Ambassador to the United Kingdom.
Late in 1944 Miller became director of the Women's Bureau of the United States Department of Labor. Her major responsibility was the reintegration of women into the economy after their displacement by veterans returning to their pre-war jobs. She conducted studies to examine labor laws and vocational improvements in the conditions of women in the labor force. A Roosevelt appointee, Miller left the Women's Bureau in 1953 at the request of President Eisenhower.
During the 1950s and 1960s Miller focused on international labor issues. As early as 1936 she had begun representing the United States at International Labor Organization conferences; after leaving the Women's Bureau she went to work full-time for the ILO and conducted several major surveys in Asia and the Middle East of working conditions and opportunities for women and children. For a short period (1957-1958) she also represented the International Alliance of Women at the United Nations.
In the early 1960s Miller became United Nations representative for the European organization the International Union for Child welfare, conducting an International Child Welfare Survey (#227) and participating in various UNICEF projects. She left the United Nations in 1967 at the age of 78.
During her long professional life Miller was affiliated with a number of other organizations concerned with women's role in the economy, including the International Confederation of Free Trade Unions, the International Council of Women, the Women's Trade Union League, and the International Ladies Garment Worker's Union. She was much in demand both as a speaker and a writer and maintained an international reputation in her field. Her contributions to women and labor were recognized in 1940 when she was awarded an honorary doctorate of humane letters by Russell Sage College. For most of her life she lived in New York, maintaining a summer home in Connecticut and later one in Pennsylvania; she spent the last four years of her life in a New York City nursing home where she died on July 21, 1973.
SUMMARY OF INVENTORY
- Series I. PERSONAL, 1909-1967. 1-13.
- Series II. NEW YORK STATE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR, 1929-1943. 14-40.
- Series III. ASSISTANT TO UNITED STATES AMBASSADOR TO THE UNITED KINGDOM, 1943-1944. 41-128.
- Series IV. WOMEN'S BUREAU, 1944-1953. 129-169.
- Series V. INTERNATIONAL LABOR ORGANIZATION, 1936-1967. 170-219.
- Series VI. INTERNATIONAL UNION OF CHILD WELFARE REPRESENTATIVE TO THE UNITED NATIONS, 1958-1968. 220-243.
- Series VII. PROFESSIONAL, 1924-1976. 244-290.
- Series VIII. PHOTOGRAPHS, 1938-1965, n.d. 291-303.
Immediate Source of Acquisition
Accession numbers: 55-60, 57-116, 58-72, 917, 1200, 1638, 69-3, 70-19, 70-69, 70-90, 71-5, 71-36, 71-84, 71-98, 72-61, 73-68, 74-179, 75-86, 75-285, 76-293, 77-M170, 78-M35, 78-M109, 78-M214
The papers of Frieda S. Miller were given to the Schlesinger Library by Frieda S. Miller and Pauline Newman between 1955 and 1978. They were processed under a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities (RC-24669-76-987).
CONTAINER LIST
- Box 1: Folders 1-13
- Box 2: Folders 14-33
- Box 3: Folders 34-68
- Box 4: Folders 69-85
- Box 5: Folders 86-128
- Box 6: Folders 129-141
- Box 7: Folders 142-166
- Box 8: Folders 167-184
- Box 9: Folders 185-199
- Box 10: Folders 200-219
- Box 11: Folders 220-237
- Box 12: Folders 238-253
- Box 13: Folders 254-270
- Box 14: Folders 271-279
- Box 15: Folders 280-303
- Folio+ Box 1: Folders 304f+
INDEX OF SELECTED CORRESPONDENTS
- Abbott, Grace 17
- Acheson, Dean 153, 156, 178, 179
- Ackroyd, Margaret 136, 167
- Adelman, Rose 34
- Allen, Mrs. Grosvenor 6, 259
- American Association of University Women 137, 167
- American Federation of Labor 142
- Ames, K. Elizabeth 167
- Amidon, Beulah 256
- Anderson, Constance W. 167
- Anderson, Eleanor 144, 167
- Andrews, Elmer F. 21, 173
- Armstrong, George Alexander 90, 95
- Astor, Lady 91
- Astor, Lord 91
- Backer, Dorothy Schiff 34
- Bagwell, May 131
- Balboa, Fernanda S. 257
- Barbey, Grace Holmes 238
- Barnes, Betty, 145
- Barrett, Ruth 257
- Baymouth, Edna 199
- Beidler, Peter 257
- Beirne, Joseph A. 136
- Belt, Grace 256
- Benson, Dorothy 234
- Beyer, Clara 92
- Beyer, Sylva 6, 13, 165, 212, 213, 217, 259
- Blanchard, Helen 34,145
- Bloodworth, Bess 32, 128, 153, 167
- Boettcher, Lucile Eaton 257
- Bompas, Katherine 248
- Bondfield, Margaret G. 93, 258
- Bowen, Esther R. 145
- Bowles, Newton 235
- Boyd, Gladys 250
- Bragdon, Helen D. 167
- Brandeis, Louis 256
- Breckinridge, Sophonisba 1
- Brennan, John J. B. 88
- Briggs, Lucia R. 256
- Britton, Lydia 141
- Brockway, Richard C. 84, 85, 86
- Brown, Charlotte 249
- Brown, Jeanetta Welch 152
- Bruere, Jane 257
- Bryant, Mary 265
- Buchanan, Lucille 8, 28, 33, 84
- Bunche, Ralph J. 250
- Burlingham, Charles C. 33, 84
- Burton, Margaret 144
- Bush, Amy 240, 248
- Byrnes, James F. 129, 177, 178
- Canada. Department of Labor. Women's Bureau 248
- Cannon, Mary M. 135, 152, 195
- Corey, James B. 167
- Carrie Chapman Catt Memorial Fund 248, 249, 257
- Casinader, Laurel 248
- Chamberlain, Joseph P. 88
- Chambers, Christina 259
- Cheyney, Alice 88,213
- Christensen, Ethlyn 253
- Christianson, Tris 167
- Christman, Elisabeth 87, 140, 152, 212
- Clark, Jane Perry 34
- Clayton, W. L. 176
- Cohn, Fannia 34
- Collins, Elizabeth S. 235
- Cook, Cara 34
- Corsi, Edward 152
- Cox, Eileen 248
- Craft, Katherine Woodruff 152
- Craig, Marjorie 234
- Cripps, Isobel 97
- Davis, J. R. 152
- Dingman, Mary 173
- Dju Yu Bao 259
- Dodd, Alvin E. 88
- Douglas, William O. 257
- Doyle, Frances A. 6, 238, 248, 249
- Dreier, Mary Elisabeth 34, 37, 173
- Drew, Jane B. 98
- Dubinsky, David 131, 257
- Dunnigan, John J. 34
- Earle, Genevieve B. 88
- Edwards, India 152
- Eisenhower, Dwight D. 129
- Electrical Association for Women 32, 104, 154, 161, 167
- Elliot, Katherine 6, 56, 94, 164
- Engel, Katherine 167
- Engelman, Bessie 34
- Fairchild, Mildred 208
- Ferrell, Eleanor J. 257
- Finch, Diane 248
- Fisher, Raymond M. 88
- Fitzgerald, Albert J. 131
- Frank, Walter 34, 173, 213
- Frankfurter, Felix 32
- Freeman, Kathleen 237
- Funayama, T. 195
- Gamble, Alma F. 256
- Gane, E. Marguerite 6
- Gaze, Floirie 88
- Gerin, Bernard 238
- Gerry, Louise C. 34
- Gibson, Henrietta 144
- Givens, Meredith B. 152
- Godley, Margaret C. 6
- Goff, Mary 34
- Goldmark, Josephine 17, 32, 259
- Gonzales, Elena Mederos de 231, 234, 235, 237, 238
- Goodman, Rosalie L. 152
- Goodrich, Carter 84, 86, 176, 212
- Gordon, Dorothy 152
- Graff, Ester 248, 249
- Green, William 142
- Greenberg, Leonard 101
- Guareschi, Nino 152
- Gugenheimer, Ida 34
- Guthrie, Anne 248
- Guy, Ray L. 152
- Hadley, Frances W. 256
- Hage, Petronella M. 213, 214
- Hall, Helen 259
- Halsey, Elizabeth T. 249
- Hamilton, Leland P. 17
- Hamilton, Mary Agnes 102
- Hardin, Clara A. 141
- Harper, Lois M. 253
- Harriman, Henry I. 212
- Harrison, Marvin C. 167
- Hartley, Harold 103
- Haslett, Caroline 6, 32, 104, 54, 161, 167
- Hebert, Dean 6
- Hemming, Lucile W. 248
- Henly, Joseph 34
- Herlands, William B. 22
- Herrick, Elinore M. 34
- Hessergren, Kerstin 152, 257
- Hillman, Sidney 27
- Hilton, Eunice 152
- Hilton, Mary 6
- Hinder, Eleanor M. 62, 214, 259, 262
- Hines, Lewis G. 142
- Hobart, Harrison C. 167
- Homberger, A. 238
- Hottel, Althea 167
- Houwer, Dan Mulock 231, 237, 239
- Howard, Hubert 250
- Howell-Everson, N.A. 126
- Huggard, Frances 257
- Humphrey, John 234
- Hurley, Delia A. 256
- Ichikawa, Fusaye 257
- Ingledew, Margaret 248
- International Alliance of Women 240, 246, 247, 248, 249
- International Confederation of Free Trade Unions 260
- International Cooperation Year Citizen's Committee on Women 230
- International Council of Women 251
- International Labor Organization 32, 62, 85, 86, 88, 152, 165, 170-219
- International Ladies Garment Workers' Union 85, 131, 141, 152, 257
- International Union of Child Welfare 220-243
- International Women's News 248
- Irwin, Helen G. 167
- Jeffrey, Mildred 131
- Jenks, C. Wilfred 208
- Johnson, Ethel M. 32, 88, 154, 157, 213
- Johnstone, J. E. Ainsworth 152, 202, 212, 235
- Junge, Clara Williams de 23
- Keller, Helen 32
- Keller, Libby 167
- Keller, Paul 256
- Kenyon, Dorothy 22, 33, 34, 84
- Keyserling, Mary Dublin 266
- King, Constance M. 160
- Kishimoto, C. 195
- Kohn, Lucile 34
- Kramer, Victor 257
- Kyrk, Hazel 128, 259
- La Guardia, Fiorello H. 22
- Lageman, Anna 246, 249
- Lane, Robert P. 88, 245
- Larrabbee, Anne 152, 165, 256
- Lawson, Edward 248
- Leach, Agnes 257
- Leach, Mary 144, 145
- Lee, Dorothy 234
- Lehman, Anna 248
- Lehman, Herbert H. 22, 32, 33, 34, 85, 152, 215, 261
- Leiboff, Sonia 34
- Lenroot, Katherine F. 98, 238, 239
- Leslie, Mabel 34, 167
- Lewer, Bertha Boon 152
- Ludden, Elsie Wolfe 167
- Lutz, Gertrude 235
- MacDonald. Dorothy A. 152
- Marconnier, Emily Sims 27, 107, 167
- Marquardt, August W. 88
- Martin, Marion E. 167
- Matyas, Jennie 152
- Maxson, R.F. 152
- Mayo, Leonard W. 34, 237, 238, 239
- Mazumdar, Shudha 10
- McClellan, D. 152
- McConnell, Dorothy 141
- McGarry, John E. 88
- McLoughlin, Kathleen 84
- McVoy, Edgar C. 212
- Meyer, Max 88
- Midkiff, Constance 145
- Mitchell, Vilma 144
- Moore, Louise 167
- Moriarty, Mary S. 141
- Morse, David A. 6, 129, 208, 212
- Moser, Audrey E. 234, 235, 237, 238, 239
- Moskovit, Harold R. 257
- Moston, Henry E. 212
- Murphy, Michael J. 21, 24, 32, 84, 88
- Nagler, Isadore 112
- National Association of Business and Professional Women's Clubs 152, 167
- National Committee on Household Employment 253
- National Institute of Houseworkers Ltd. 160, 166
- National Women's Trade Union League of America 87, 152
- Neal, Eleanor 249
- Nettlefold, L.F. 162
- Nettleton, Marjorie 152
- New York School of Social Work 212, 259
- New York State Committee on Discrimination in Employment 28
- Newell, Mrs. Duncan H. 145
- Newman, Pauline 15, 23, 24, 128,135, 141, 152, 153, 202, 264
- Newman, Sarah H. 257
- Nishi, K. 195
- Noskin, Fannie 34
- Ogawa, T. 195
- Orrs, Rose 34
- Papert, Kate 167
- Park, Eleanor 152
- Patterson, William F. 84
- Paul, Sidney 257
- Perkins, Frances 8, 18, 117, 129, 152, 153, 173
- Peterson, Esther 260
- Peurifoy, John E. 250
- Pickett, Clarence E. 13
- Plunkett, Margaret 167
- Poletti, Charles 20, 32, 33, 86
- Polier, Justine Wise 34
- Powell, Hyman J. 142
- Preisler, Doris 152
- Ralph, Georgia G. 259
- Raphael, Chaim 84, 87
- Reading, Lady 119
- Reed, Philip D. 120
- Reuther, Walter 257
- Reid, Joseph H. 234
- Rice, Charles 129
- Rich, Ruby 262
- Reigelman, Carol 122, 212
- Rippey, Sarah C. 256
- Robertson, Violet J. 262
- Rockefeller, David 23
- Rodgers, Helen Z. M. 34
- Rogers, Irene 160
- Rogers, Lindsay 214, 216
- Roosevelt, Curtis 233, 237
- Roosevelt, Eleanor 87, 257, 263
- Roosevelt, Franklin Delano jr. 267
- Rosenberg, Anna M. 88
- Roth, Anna 152
- Royce, Marion V. 248
- Rusk, Howard A. 234
- Russell Sage College 181
- Sater, Helen B. 131, 136
- Schafer, Isabel H. 129, 153
- Schneiderman, Rose 21
- Schreiber, Marc 233, 248
- Schusterman, Rose 167
- Schwartz, Robert J. 257
- Schwellenbach, L. B. 129, 133, 176, 177, 179, 181
- Seitz, Peter 6
- Shaw, G. Howland 156
- Shientag, Bernard L. 32
- Sichrova, Elizabeth 6, 123, 152
- Seider, Violet 212
- Silberstein, Howard E. 21
- Smalley, Jean T. C. 202, 212
- Smieton, Mary 257
- Smith, Mary H. 137
- Smith, Viola 214, 217
- Sophia Smith Collection, Smith College Library 248
- Southall, Sara 152
- Sparkman, John J. 153
- Spivack, Edith I. 34
- Springer, Maida 152
- Staley, Eugene 257
- Starbuck, Kathryn H. 34
- Stebbins, Henry E. 125
- Steingut, Irwin 34
- Stewart, Maxwell 245
- Straus, Dorothy 34
- Straus, Helen Sachs 152
- Strauss, Anna Lord 248, 249
- Stulberg, Louis 152, 257
- Sulzberger, Arthur Hays 256
- Sweetland, Monroe 96
- Swett, Maud 128, 167
- Swithenbank, Gertrude E. 95, 154
- Takeda, K. 195
- Talbot, Miriam 256
- Tanneyhill, Ann 167
- Temple, Marjorie 167
- Taylor, Marion Y. 257
- Teper, Lazare 152
- Thomas, R. J. 131
- Thompson, Lucie E. 152
- Tillett, Gladys A. 230
- Trades Union Congress 86, 159
- Trobe, Adele S. 265
- Truman, Harry S. 153, 177
- Trump, Frank M. 256
- United Nations 220-243, 248, 250
- United Nations Relief and Reconstruction Administration 152
- United States National Labor Relations Board 33
- United States. Department of Labor. Women's Bureau 129-169, 266
- Vocational Advisory Service 265
- Wagner, Robert F. 17
- Waline Piere 152
- Walker, Muriel 145
- Walpole, E. Stanley 126
- Ward, Christopher 234
- Wasson, Ann 231, 234, 235, 237, 239
- Watanabe, Hanako 6, 195, 212
- Watson, Robert 256
- Webb, Sarah S. 88, 152
- Weber, Abraham S. 256
- Weyand, Ruth 252
- Weygard, Ruth 257
- Wherry, Margaret 88
- Wilson, Cairine 234
- Winant, John G. 32, 89, 98, 117, 155, 212, 213
- Witbeck, Lee 144
- Wolfe, Elsie 131
- Women's Group on Public Welfare 160
- Wood, Ethel Mary 6, 128, 160, 257
- Woodsmall, Ruth 152
- Wright, Ralph 218
- Young Women's Christian Association 141, 144, 167, 199, 213, 253
- Zimmerman, Elsie M. 173
- Zizzamia, Alba 233, 234
Processing Information
Processed: August 1979
By: Donna E. Webber
Subject
- Beyer, Clara M. (Clara Mortenson) (Person)
- Brandeis, Louis Dembitz, 1856-1941 (Person)
- Dreier, Mary E. (Mary Elisabeth), 1875-1963 (Person)
- Frankfurter, Felix, 1882-1965 (Person)
- Hoffman, Anna Rosenberg, 1902-1983 (Person)
- Keller, Helen, 1880-1968 (Person)
- National Women's Trade Union League of America (Organization)
- Polier, Justine Wise, 1903-1987 (Person)
- Roosevelt, Franklin D. (FranklinDelano), 1882-1945 (Person)
- Title
- Miller, Frieda S. Papers of Frieda S. Miller, 1909-1973 (inclusive), 1929-1967 (bulk): A Finding Aid
- Author
- Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America
- Language of description
- eng
- EAD ID
- sch00235
Repository Details
Part of the Schlesinger Library, Radcliffe Institute Repository
The preeminent research library on the history of women in the United States, the Schlesinger Library documents women's lives from the past and present for the future. In addition to its traditional strengths in the history of feminisms, women’s health, and women’s activism, the Schlesinger collections document the intersectional workings of race and ethnicity, gender, sexuality, and class in American history.